Plant–plant interactions and local patterns of diversity from semi-arid to subalpine Mediterranean plant communities

Abstract An understanding of the diversity spatial organization in plant communities provides essential information for management and conservation planning. In this study we investigated, using a multi-species approach, how plant–plant interactions determine local structure composition set Mediterranean communities, ranging from semi-arid to subalpine habitats. Specifically, evaluated pattern (i.e., aggregation or segregation) neighborhood perennial species ISAR (individual species–area relationship) method. We also assessed beta-diversity heterogeneity among assemblages), including contribution turnover replacement) nestedness differences richness) overall beta-diversity. Our results showed that segregation decreased less productive communities. Also, found graminoids largely acted as segregators, while forbs more diverse neighborhoods than expected sites. Interestingly, not all shrub dwarf aggregated their surroundings. Finally, an increase was associated with segregated patterns species, underlining role creating islands environmental conditions. provide further insights into effect shaping highlight groups strategies should focus on order prevent loss biodiversity.